MySQL的安装与配置

Linux平台下MySQL的安装

LSB Version: :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch

Distributor ID: CentOS

Description: CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

Release: 7.9.2009

Codename: Core

ldd (GNU libc) :2.17

前置工作

删除mariadb

1	yum remove -y mariadb-libs.x86_64

yum

安装rpm

进入MySQL的yum仓库，如下图所示

官方rpm包: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

清华镜像rpm包: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql80-community-el7/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

1	wget -c rpm地址

安装yum仓库文件

可使用rpm -ivh或是yum localinstall 去安装，两者实质是一样的

1	rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

安装

1	yum install -y mysql-community-server

二进制

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

1
2
3

# 下
wget -c https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
tar zf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

建立用户与授权

1 2	useradd mysql && usermod -s /sbin/nologin mysql mkdir -p /opt/databases/mysql && chown -R mysql. /opt/databases/mysql

配置

# vim /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
secure_file_priv=''
user = mysql
port=8916

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4


[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

获取初始root密码

1	grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

创建用户与授权

根据业务、公司情况创建管理员，若公司成员较少，管理员管全局。反之管单库

root不允许远程连接

修改root密码

远程连接

授权

远程登录还需要授权远程登录Mysql默认不允许远程登录，我们需要设置关闭selinux或者防火墙，不关防火墙就开放3306端口；
#放开3306端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload